Brichard's Masked Cichlid

Geographic Origin and Biotope: Endemic to Lake Tanganyika (East Africa). Populates exclusively rocky coastal habitats rich in crevices, caves and rocky debris in shallow waters.

Taxonomy and Morphology: Masked Julie Cichlid (Chalinochromis brichardi). Elongated rupicolous cichlid, similar to Julidochromis with which it is closely related. Reaches 12 cm (4.7 inches).

Social Behavior: Markedly territorial and linked to the rocks. Incessantly patrols the boundaries of its territory, chasing away conspecifics. Tends to swim with its belly adhering to the rocks, even upside down.

Coloration and Sexual Dimorphism: Golden beige body crossed by dark bands (masks) on the snout and opercula, which resemble the reins of a horse (hence "chalino" = bridle). Absence of evident sexual dimorphism, males slightly more massive.

Aquarium Setup: Aquarium of at least 100 cm (40 inches). The tank must be filled to the surface with large rocks to create innumerable secret passages and caves. Substrate in fine coral or calcareous sand.

Diet and Feeding: In nature it feeds on sponges, small snails and crustaceans hidden among the rocks. In the aquarium it accepts high quality flakes, mysis, krill and chopped earthworms. Provide vegetable supplements (spirulina).

Water Quality: Hard and alkaline water mandatory: pH 7.8-9.0, GH over 10. Essential to keep the water very well oxygenated and free of nitrates (max 20 ppm).

Compatibility and Tankmates: Coexists well with open water Tanganyika species (Cyprichromis) or shell-dwellers (Neolamprologus multifasciatus). Do not pair with Julidochromis due to high risk of hybridization and fierce territorial clashes.

Aquarium Reproduction: Cave spawners. Stable monogamous pairs are formed that lay up to 100 eggs on the vault of a hidden cave. Very intense biparental care; they protect the young for months.

Risks and Diseases: Prone to "Tanganyika Bloat" (abdominal swelling) if fed with too much bloodworm or mammal proteins, or if kept in soft waters.