Species description

Care, breeding and tankmates

Fish profile

Temperament

Semi-aggressive

They are very timid, social fish that must be kept in groups to thrive. Solitary specimens become highly stressed and hide constantly. They are industrious workers, spending their entire day cleaning algae off surfaces.

Diet

Omnivore

They are strict herbivores that feed almost entirely on soft green algae and diatoms. A mature tank with established algae growth is essential before introducing them. Their diet must be supplemented with blanched zucchini, spinach, or high-quality algae wafers.

Sex ratio

Group

Females are noticeably broader and more robust than males when viewed from above. Keeping them in groups of six or more ensures a good mix of sexes. A larger group also makes them significantly more active and comfortable.

Feeding frequency

Twice daily

They graze constantly throughout the day and night. Supplemental food should be offered daily if natural algae is sparse. Remove uneaten vegetables after 24 hours to prevent water fouling.

Bioload

Otocinclus Catfish have a minimal bioload due to their small size. They produce very little waste and are excellent for planted nano tanks. However, they are sensitive to nitrates, so regular water changes are required.

Flow

Stagnant

They prefer gentle to moderate water flow. While they appreciate well-oxygenated water, they don't need raging torrents. They will often stick to glass or leaves in areas with a slight current.

Reproduction

Oviparous

Breeding is rare but possible in heavily planted tanks with pristine water. They scatter adhesive eggs on the undersides of broad leaves. Raising the tiny fry requires copious amounts of infusoria and microscopic algae.

Compatibility & tankmates

They are completely peaceful and harmless to all other fish, fry, and shrimp. They should be kept with other gentle community species like tetras, rasboras, and corydoras. Avoid keeping them with large or aggressive fish that could eat them.

Tank level

Middle/Bottom

They are primarily bottom and mid-level dwellers. You will mostly find them attached to aquarium glass, plant leaves, and driftwood. They rarely swim freely in the open water column.