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FishFreshwaterBrackishIntermediate
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Crazy Fish

Butis butis

A unique brackish water predator, known for swimming upside down or sideways to mimic a dead leaf.

Family
Eleotridae
Origin
Indo-Pacifico: estuari costieri e mangrovie dall'Africa orientale fino all'Australia e all'Indonesia.
Origin
Tropical oceans and reefsAfrica and MadagascarSouth and Southeast AsiaAustralia, New Guinea, and Oceania
Tank use
Used in 0 tanks

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Species challenges
Water Temperature

22 °C - 28 °C

pH Value

7.5 - 8.5

Water type

Freshwater / Brackish

Tank level

Bottom

Adult size

15 cm

Species description

Geographical Origin and Habitat: Coastal lagoons, muddy estuaries, and slow-flowing rivers across the Indo-West Pacific, near sunken debris.

Taxonomy and Morphology: Family Eleotridae. Features an elongated body with a flattened, pointed head. Grows up to 15 cm.

Social Behavior: Inactive ambush predator. Floats motionless upside down or sideways near decor to mimic decaying leaves.

Coloration and Sexual Dimorphism: Mottled brown, grey, or black body for camouflage. Spawning males show bright red margins on their fins.

Care, breeding and tankmates

Aquarium Setup: Needs a tank decorated with plenty of vertical driftwood branches and dry leaves to facilitate camouflage behavior.

Diet and Feeding: Strict carnivore. Feeds on live shrimp and small fish, but can be transitioned to frozen krill and lancefish. Ignores dry flakes.

Water Quality: Best kept in brackish water (SG 1.005). Ensure low nitrate levels and gentle water currents.

Compatibility and Cohabitation: Only keep with large brackish fish. Avoid tankmates small enough to fit inside its wide mouth.

Aquarium Breeding: Rare in captivity. Eggs are laid on flat surfaces and guarded by the male. Fry need tiny live foods.

Risks and Diseases: Susceptible to skin fungus if kept in pure freshwater for life. Requires stable water parameters.

Fish profile

Temperament
Predatore calmo ma vorace con pesci piccoli; pacifico con simili
Diet
Carnivoro, si nutre di insetti, piccoli crostacei e pesci vivi o surgelati
Tank level
Bottom
Minimum group
1
Adult size
15 cm
Minimum tank volume
150 L
GH
n/a
KH
n/a
TDS
n/a
Conductivity
n/a
Feeding frequency
1 volta al giorno
Bioload
Medio
Flow
Lieve
Reproduction
Riproduzione ovipara; le uova vengono deposte su una superficie piana custodite dal maschio.
Compatibility & tankmates
Tenere con pesci salmastri di dimensioni superiori. Qualsiasi coinquilino piccolo verrà predato di sorpresa.

Ecological Estimates & Biological Models

Trophic level
4 ± 0.66 se
Resilience
High (less than 15 months)
Phylogenetic uniqueness (PD50)
0.5156
Bayesian Length-Weight
a = 0.00851, b = 3.18
VulnerabilityLow vulnerability (10 / 100)

Image gallery

Licensed images linked to the species or, when marked, to the closest representative taxon.

Related species

Other recommended species with similar care requirements and water parameters.

Last updated: 06/13/2026