Spatula Whiptail Catfish

Geographic Origin and Biotope: Genus of large Loricariinae widespread in large rivers and sandy bottoms of the Amazon and Magdalena basins. They live semi-buried.

Taxonomy and Morphology: Enormous whiptail Loricariids, easily exceeding 30-35 cm (12-14 inches). They have very wide armored bodies, a huge spatula head and mouths equipped with protruding 'hoe teeth'. Long filaments on the caudal fins.

Social Behavior: Generally peaceful with surface fish, but boisterous and very brawling among conspecifics for food and bottom dens. They uproot light decor splashing in the sand.

Coloration and Sexual Dimorphism: Mottled brown, sand, or camouflaged olive green. Colossal males equipped with veritable tusks or beards of spikes on the sides of the snout (massive odontodes).

Tank Setup: 150-200 cm (60-80 inches) large tanks essential for adult specimens. Avoid gravel to protect belly and lips: USE ONLY SAND. Massive, firmly anchored woods.

Feeding and Diet: Strongly OMNIVOROUS and fleshy micro-predators. They swallow earthworms, shelled shrimp, sinking tablets for carnivorous catfish, mussel meat. Algae is not the base of the diet.

Water Quality: Tolerant and massive, but require powerful filters to dispose of the heavy waste of their organic size. pH 6.5-7.5.

Compatibility and Cohabitation: Excellent with large tetras and peaceful cichlids (e.g., Uaru, Geophagus). Not recommended with microscopic or timid bottom fish that would be brutally swept away at mealtime.

Aquarium Reproduction: Rare occurrence in closed stabling; lip-brooders or spawners on flat stones strenuously guarded by the gigantic male.

Risks and Diseases: Very hardy, but abrasion wounds from incorrect substrates cause lethal septic ulcers.