Fowler's Surgeonfish

Geographic Origin and Biotope: Tropical Western Pacific. Inhabits outer reef slopes exposed to strong currents and deep drop-offs down to 50 meters.

Taxonomy and Morphology: Belongs to the family Acanthuridae. Reaches about 45 cm, an enormous size for an aquarium fish. Ovoid, compressed body covered with very small scales.

Social Behavior: Very active fish, tireless swimmer and highly territorial. Requires massive spaces to discharge its energy and prevent aggressive behaviors.

Coloration and Sexual Dimorphism: Gray-bluish or brown body coloration with fine wavy lines. Distinguished by a spectacular neon-blue horseshoe-shaped marking behind the eye and dark fins.

Aquarium Setup: Requires a tank of at least 1000 liters (260 gallons) with excellent water movement provided by powerful wavemakers. Open space is essential.

Diet and Feeding: Herbivore. Grazes constantly on rocks. Provide large quantities of nori seaweed, spirulina, blanched vegetables, and veggie pellets.

Water Quality: Temperature 23-27°C (73-81°F), pH 8.1-8.4, specific gravity 1.020-1.025. Maximum skimming and filtration to cope with high biological waste.

Compatibility and Tankmates: Reef-safe. Does not damage corals but may disturb small invertebrates with its frantic swimming. Avoid other Acanthurus surgeonfish.

Aquarium Reproduction: Not reproducible in home aquariums due to size and the complex pelagic larval phase.

Risks and Diseases: Features large and very sharp caudal spines. Handle with extreme caution. Highly prone to skin parasites if stressed.