Dussumier's Tang

Geographic Origin and Biotope: Tropical Indo-Pacific, from East Africa and Madagascar to Hawaii and the Great Barrier Reef of Australia. Inhabits deep seaward reef slopes.

Taxonomy and Morphology: Acanthuridae family, genus Acanthurus. Reaches 54 cm (21 inches). Elliptical golden-brown body, characterized by a yellow band running horizontally across the eyes and a blue tail with black spots.

Social Behavior: Diurnal, active swimmer. Constantly grazes on benthic algae and organic detritus. Becomes markedly territorial when kept in confined spaces.

Coloration and Sexual Dimorphism: Golden brown or grayish-brown body with fine wavy blue lines. A conspicuous yellow stripe across the eyes. Deep blue tail covered in black dots. Spine at the tail base is white bordered in black.

Aquarium Setup: Requires a giant marine aquarium of at least 1300 liters. Vast open swimming space and heavy biological filtration are needed. Place live rocks along the sides.

Diet and Feeding: Primarily herbivorous. Requires large amounts of marine algae like nori, spirulina, and fresh blanched vegetables. Also consumes algae-associated detritus.

Water Quality: Stable temperature between 22°C and 28°C, pH between 8.1 and 8.4, salinity 1.020-1.025, KH 8-12, GH 15-25. High oxygen levels are required.

Compatibility and Tankmates: Semi-aggressive. May display aggression toward other large surgeonfish. Generally peaceful toward other reef species. Keep only one specimen.

Aquarium Reproduction: Not reproducible in home aquariums. In nature, they are broadcast spawners releasing pelagic eggs dispersed by tropical currents.

Risks and Diseases: Susceptible to Vitamin A deficiency (causing color fading) and marine ich. Requires a vitamin-enriched diet and regular water changes.