Species description

Care, breeding and tankmates

Plant profile

Placement

Foreground

Given its small stature, this plant is best utilized in the foreground or midground, where it can form low, creeping thickets. It is an excellent choice for nano aquariums or shallow paludariums where it can freely transition between submerged and emersed growth. It requires unobstructed light, so avoid planting it beneath the canopy of larger, broader-leafed species.

Botanical form

Stem

This diminutive plant features very slender, fragile stems adorned with tiny, spatulate (spoon-shaped) leaves arranged in opposite pairs. When allowed to breach the water's surface, it forms compact, bright green rosettes that look spectacular in open-top setups. Its delicate, creeping nature makes it appear very natural and wild in an aquascape.

Growth

Fast

Under high light and supplemental CO2, Callitriche terrestris grows reasonably fast and readily spreads across the substrate. In low-tech setups, its growth slows down significantly and it tends to grow more vertically rather than creeping horizontally. Regular trimming is necessary only when it begins to overgrow its designated area or shade itself out.

Substrate

Medium

A fine-grained, nutrient-rich substrate like aquasoil is ideal for this delicate species. Its root system is relatively shallow and fragile, so coarse gravel should be avoided as it impedes proper anchoring and root development. Even a plain sand substrate can work well if regularly enriched with high-quality root tabs.

Column fertilization

Recommended

Liquid fertilization is very beneficial as the small leaves efficiently absorb nutrients directly from the water column. A comprehensive fertilizer containing nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium should be dosed weekly to prevent deficiency symptoms. Careful attention should be paid to avoid overdosing, as the delicate leaves can become smothered by resulting algae blooms.

Root fertilization

None

While it draws heavily from the water, supplementing the substrate with root tabs greatly enhances its resilience and rooting speed. Providing nutrients at the roots ensures a steady supply of elements like iron, which prevents the lower portions of the stems from rotting away. This dual-feeding approach ensures consistent, lush growth.

Trimming

Occasional

Trimming is straightforward; simply cut the stems or leaves to the desired length. Regular pruning encourages bushier, denser growth and prevents the plant from taking over the tank. Replant the healthy trimmings if you wish to expand its footprint.

Propagation

Cuttings

Propagation is extremely simple and is done by taking stem cuttings or dividing established creeping mats. Snipping the tops and gently planting them into fine substrate will quickly yield new, rooted plants. Emersed cuttings will readily adapt to submerged conditions if planted carefully and provided with adequate CO2.

Sensitivity

Moderate

Generally robust but can melt if water parameters swing drastically. It prefers stable conditions and clean water with good flow. Algae can be an issue if organic waste is allowed to accumulate on its delicate leaves.

Layout role

Nano, Midground, Foreground, group

Excellent for creating natural-looking thickets or adding a touch of wildness to the aquascape. It bridges the gap between different plant groups beautifully. Its unique texture provides a great contrast to broad-leaved plants.