Harlequin Tuskfish

Geographic Origin and Biotope: Western Pacific, distributed from the eastern coast of Australia (Great Barrier Reef) to southern Japan. Inhabits outer seaward reef slopes.

Taxonomy and Morphology: Labridae family, genus Choerodon. Reaches 30 cm (12 inches). Characterized by a robust build, large blue/green protruding front teeth, and a truncate tail.

Social Behavior: Active, intelligent, and curious. Swims constantly along the tank in search of food. Solitary, showing aggression only toward closely related species.

Coloration and Sexual Dimorphism: Alternating bright orange-red and white-gray vertical bars on the body, outlined in electric blue. Teeth are blue. Australian specimens show more vivid color. No dimorphism.

Aquarium Setup: Requires a large tank of at least 500 liters. Arrange a sturdy rock structure with large caves where the fish can sleep at night. A tight-fitting lid is mandatory.

Diet and Feeding: Carnivorous. Feed whole clams in shell (to wear down their teeth), whole shrimp, mussels, krill, small fish, and large-sized protein pellets.

Water Quality: Stable temperature 24°C - 27°C, pH 8.1 - 8.4, salinity 1.020-1.025, KH 8-12, GH 15-25. Heavy biological filtration and a protein skimmer are required.

Compatibility and Tankmates: Semi-aggressive. Not reef-safe with small invertebrates. Consumes ornamental shrimp, small crabs, hermit crabs, and sea urchins. Safe with hard corals.

Aquarium Reproduction: Not documented in captivity due to size and territoriality. In the wild, they spawn in large groups releasing pelagic eggs.

Risks and Diseases: Extreme jump risk if startled. The blue protruding teeth can overgrow if the fish is not fed hard-shelled invertebrates to naturally grind them.