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Blackear Wrasse

Halichoeres poeyi

A Western Atlantic wrasse recognized by its greenish-yellow hue and distinctive dark eyespot. This active sand-burrower provides superb pest control for reef aquariums.

Taxonomy
Class:Actinopteri
Order:Perciformes
Family:Labridae
Genus:Halichoeres
Species:Halichoeres poeyi

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Water Temperature

22 - 27 °C

pH Value

8.1 - 8.4

Water type

Marine

Tank level

Bottom and middle

Adult size

20 cm

Minimum tank volume

>= 300 L

Minimum group

>= 1

KH

8 - 12 dKH

Species description

Geographical Origin and Habitat: Halichoeres poeyi is widely distributed in the tropical Western Atlantic Ocean, from southern Florida (USA) and the Gulf of Mexico through the entire Caribbean Sea to the coasts of southern Brazil. It predominantly inhabits seagrass beds (such as Thalassia testudinum), shallow rocky zones covered in macroalgae, and coral reefs, from 1 to 15 meters deep.
Taxonomy and Morphology: It belongs to the family Labridae, genus Halichoeres. It presents an elongated and laterally compressed body, with a rounded head and fleshy lips. It reaches a maximum adult size of about 15-20 centimeters. The anterior teeth are well-developed and protruding, useful for capturing small crustaceans and mollusks hidden in the substrate. The caudal fin has a slightly rounded shape.
Social Behavior: It is a diurnal, solitary species and an untiring swimmer. It spends the day inspecting the bottom and algae leaves in search of food. At sunset, it shelters under the sand where it spends the night completely buried. Adult males are territorial and can manifest aggression towards other wrasses of similar shape or coloration introduced into their space.
Coloration and Sexual Dimorphism: The background coloration is green or yellowish-green, with pinkish or orange shades on the scales that create a reticulated effect. The main diagnostic feature is a prominent black or dark blue spot located immediately behind the eye, resembling an ear (hence the common name). Dominant males have much more intense colors and pinkish stripes on the head.

Care, breeding and tankmates

Aquarium Setup: It requires a marine aquarium of at least 200 liters for a single specimen. It is essential to provide a layer of fine, non-sharp sand at least 6-8 cm thick to allow the fish to burrow during the night or if frightened. The live rocks must be positioned stably directly on the glass bottom to prevent collapses caused by digging.
Diet and Feeding: It is an opportunistic carnivore. It feeds on a wide range of small benthic invertebrates. In the aquarium, it readily consumes frozen foods such as mysis, brine shrimp, krill, chopped shrimp, and mollusks. It also accepts high-quality pellets and flakes. It is useful for eliminating small pest organisms such as flatworms, parasitic snails, and small bristle worms.
Water Quality: It requires stable standard marine parameters. Temperature: 23-27°C, pH: 8.1-8.4, specific gravity: 1.020-1.025, KH: 8-12. It is important to maintain efficient filtration and an excellent level of water oxygenation. An excessive accumulation of nitrates or phosphates can cause stress and predispose it to bacterial skin infections.
Compatibility and Cohabitation: It is reef-safe with corals, but poses a threat to small mobile ornamental invertebrates. It easily preys on small shrimp (such as Lysmata or Thor), small crabs and hermit crabs, and small starfish. It is compatible with active, robust fish like tangs, large damselfishes, dwarf angelfishes, and peaceful triggerfishes.
Aquarium Breeding: Protogynous hermaphrodite. Breeding in captivity is undocumented and considered nearly impossible in home aquariums due to the prolonged pelagic planktonic larval phase, which requires specific microscopic live foods and controlled water flows without mechanical filtration.
Risks and Diseases: The risk of skin lesions and subsequent bacterial infections is high if the substrate consists of coarse or sharp gravel. Being a jumper, the tank must be strictly covered. It can contract skin parasites (such as Oodinium or Cryptocaryon) if subjected to temperature drops during water changes.

Geographic Origin and Distribution

Halichoeres poeyi is widely distributed in the tropical Western Atlantic Ocean, from southern Florida (USA) and the Gulf of Mexico through the entire Caribbean Sea to the coasts of southern Brazil. It predominantly inhabits seagrass beds (such as Thalassia testudinum), shallow rocky zones covered in macroalgae, and coral reefs, from 1 to 15 meters deep.

Origin

Tropical oceans and reefsExtra-Amazon South AmericaCentral America and CaribbeanNorth America

Fish profile

Temperament
Aggressive
They are constantly on the move during daylight hours. While usually peaceful, they are opportunistic predators. Their bold nature makes them a fascinating addition.
Diet
Carnivore
They are carnivores feeding on benthic invertebrates. In the aquarium, offer meaty foods like mysis shrimp. Providing a varied diet maintains their vibrant colors.
Sex ratio
Solitary
It is best to keep them singly. Adding multiple males results in severe aggression. A group of females might establish a pecking order.
Feeding frequency
Twice daily
They are highly active with a fast metabolism. Feeding them two to three times a day is ideal. Small frequent meals help reduce aggression.
Bioload
This species contributes a moderate bioload. They produce moderate waste due to their diet. A good skimmer and regular water changes are required.
Flow
Strong
They originate from reef environments with strong water movement. Good water flow helps oxygenate the water. Varying flow patterns mimics their natural habitat well.
Jump risk
Yes
Wrasses are notorious for jumping out of aquariums. A tight-fitting lid or screen mesh is mandatory. Ensure all gaps are properly covered to prevent escape.
Reproduction
Not bred in captivity
These fish are broadcast spawners in the water column. Breeding in captivity is extremely rare. Specialized setups with deep tanks and planktonic food are required.
Compatibility & tankmates
Verify
They are generally peaceful towards other fish. However, they may become territorial with other wrasses. Use caution as they might eat small ornamental crustaceans.
Tank level
Middle/Bottom
They actively swim in the mid-water regions. They require a deep fine sand bed to sleep. Coarse substrate can damage their bodies and should be avoided.

Window to the official scientific data of the species

Data synced on: 06/15/2026

Scientific Parameters & Models

Trophic level
3.7 ± 0.2 se
Resilience
High (less than 15 months)
Phylogenetic uniqueness (PD50)
0.5
Bayesian Length-Weight
a = 0.00955, b = 3.08
VulnerabilityLow vulnerability (10 / 100)

Image gallery

Licensed images linked to the species or, when marked, to the closest representative taxon.

Related species

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Variants and close relatives

Same atlas type, nearby scientific identity, genus, or family.

Butterfly wrasse

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Halichoeres papilionaceus

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Clown wrasse

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Halichoeres maculipinna

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Golden-ear Wrasse

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Black Wrasse

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Halichoeres discolor

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Chameleon Wrasse

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Crescent-tail Hogfish

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Eightline flasher wrasse

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Girdled Wrasse

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Labout's Fairy Wrasse

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Lined fairy wrasse

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Ruby fairy wrasse

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Clown wrasse

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Coris aygula

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Yellowtail Wrasse

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Anampses meleagrides

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Last updated: 06/30/2026