Species description

Care, breeding and tankmates

Fish profile

Temperament

Semi-aggressive

Males are highly colorful and constantly display to females and rival males. While not dangerous to other species, male-on-male aggression can be intense. Ample hiding spaces and sight-line breaks are required if keeping multiple males.

Diet

Omnivore

Strictly carnivorous, favoring live foods like newly hatched brine shrimp, grindal worms, and daphnia. Some can transition to high-quality frozen foods, but live food is essential for optimal health and reproduction. Dry foods are almost always ignored.

Adult size

5 cm

Sex ratio

Specific M:F ratio

Maintain a ratio of one male to two or three females. Males will vigorously and continuously pursue females for spawning. Too few females will result in them being stressed and potentially killed by the male's relentless advances.

Feeding frequency

Twice daily

Should be fed twice daily with small portions. Due to their rapid metabolism, they require consistent caloric intake. Remove any uneaten food quickly to prevent ammonia spikes in small tanks.

Bioload

Produces a small bioload suitable for smaller aquariums equipped with gentle filtration. Regular small water changes are necessary to keep the environment clean. Consistent water quality extends their relatively short lifespan.

Flow

Stagnant

They demand very low water flow to replicate their natural stagnant pool habitats. A small sponge filter is the best and safest option for this species. High flow rates will exhaust them and lead to premature death.

Reproduction

Oviparous

An annual species that buries its eggs in a soft substrate like peat moss. The peat is then harvested, slightly dried, and stored in a dark place for several months to mimic a dry season. Adding water to the aged peat will trigger the eggs to hatch.

Compatibility & tankmates

Ideally kept in a species-specific breeding setup. They can be housed with other peaceful nano fish, but this complicates the collection of their eggs. Keep away from aggressive or fin-nipping species.

Tank level

Bottom

They utilize the lower and middle regions of the aquarium. They spend hours hovering over the substrate, diving into the peat moss to spawn. Providing dim lighting makes them more comfortable and active.