Head-and-tail Light Tetra

Geographical Origin and Habitat: Widely distributed in northern South America, including the Amazon and Orinoco basins, and rivers of Guiana. Found in slow-flowing, vegetated streams and tributaries.

Taxonomy and Morphology: Part of the Characidae family and Hemigrammus genus. It features a moderately elongated, semi-translucent body, growing to a maximum size of 4.5 cm.

Social Behavior: Very peaceful and highly gregarious. Must be kept in a group of at least 6-8 individuals to show schooling behaviors and prevent isolation stress.

Coloration and Sexual Dimorphism: Commonly known as the Head-and-tail Light Tetra due to two shiny coppery-orange spots: one above the eye and one on the tail base. Females are rounder-bodied than males when ripe.

Aquarium Setup: An aquarium of at least 60 liters is recommended. Prefers a well-planted tank with plenty of open swimming space in the middle, and driftwood to provide shelter.

Diet and Feeding: Easy to feed. Accepts high-quality flakes, granules, and frozen food like daphnia or tubifex. A balanced diet enhances their reflective spots.

Water Quality: Hardy and adaptable. Temperature 22-28°C, pH 6.0-7.5, and GH 5-15 dGH are preferred. Regular partial water changes are standard.

Compatibility and Cohabitation: Excellent community fish. Combines well with other small tetras, rasboras, Corydoras, guppies, and peaceful dwarf cichlids.

Aquarium Breeding: Spawning is relatively easy. Use a breeding tank with fine-leaved plants. Remove the adult fish immediately after spawning to protect the adhesive eggs.

Risks and Diseases: Susceptible to ich (white spot) under stress or sudden cold drafts. Tends to jump, so a lid is required.