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InvertebrateFreshwaterBrackishIntermediate
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Spotted nerite snail

Neritona juttingae

The Spiny Nerite Snail is a heavily armored freshwater gastropod that tirelessly consumes diatoms and green algae. It requires a hard surface for grazing.

Taxonomy
Class:Gastropoda
Order:Cycloneritida
Family:Neritidae
Genus:Neritona
Species:Neritona juttingae
Formerly known as:Neritina juttingae

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Water Temperature

20 - 28 °C

pH Value

7 - 8.4

Water type

Freshwater / Brackish

Invertebrate type

Freshwater snail

Adult size

2.5 cm

Minimum group

>= 1

GH

6 - 20 dGH

KH

3 - 15 dKH

TDS

120 - 450 ppm

Ecological role

Scavenger

Copper sensitivity

High

Species description

Geographical Origin and Habitat: The Spiny Nerite Snail, also heavily marketed as the Hedgehog Nerite (*Neritina juttingae*), is a highly fascinating, heavily armored freshwater and brackish gastropod natively endemic to the volatile coastal rivers, estuarine mangrove swamps, and rocky tidal zones stretching across Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines). Their natural biotope is defined by rapid water currents flowing over smooth river stones, heavily bathed in bright sunlight that promotes explosive, relentless algal growth.
Taxonomy: Scientifically classified within the Neritidae family, they are small, astonishingly tough biological tanks. Fully mature adults are quite compact, generally reaching only 1.5 to 2.5 centimeters (0.6-1.0 inches) in shell diameter. They possess the classic, hemispherical, dome-like Nerite shell morphology, but with a spectacular, defensive evolution: their shell is heavily adorned with numerous sharp, elongated, calcareous spines or "spikes" protruding aggressively from the whorls to deter predators.
Social Behavior: They are peaceful, highly industrious, and strictly herbivorous surface-grazers. They possess absolutely zero predatory instincts and act as dedicated, unstoppable algae bulldozers. They spend their entire lives clamped tightly to hard surfaces—glass, rocks, driftwood, and broad plant leaves—using their highly specialized, abrasive radula (tongue) to ruthlessly scrape away thick layers of algae. Because they possess a tough operculum, they are notorious escape artists that will climb above the waterline.
Coloration and Sexual Dimorphism: Sexual dimorphism is visually non-existent; male and female reproductive organs are completely internal. Their shell is incredibly beautiful and highly variable. The heavily spiked, dome-like shell typically features a deeply saturated base color of mahogany brown, olive-green, or amber. This base is heavily wrapped in a striking, intricate pattern of dark black or deep brown zigzagging lines, broken stripes, and tiny dots. Their fleshy foot is typically a mottled grey-white.

Care, breeding and tankmates

Tank Setup: The aquarium architecture must accommodate their need for massive amounts of algae and their propensity to escape. A minimum 20-liter (5-gallon) tank is required.
CRITICAL REQUIREMENT: A heavy, completely tight-fitting lid is unconditionally mandatory; they are tidal survivors and WILL climb completely out of open aquariums, falling to the floor to desiccate and die. The tank should feature extensive hardscapes (smooth rocks, driftwood) bathed in high light to promote natural algae growth.
Diet and Feeding: They are ravenous, unstoppable, obligate algivores (algae eaters).
CRITICAL WARNING: Spiny Nerites CANNOT be kept in pristine, newly established, or "sterile" aquariums. They strictly consume massive amounts of Green Spot Algae (GSA), brown diatoms, and soft green algae off glass and rocks. They completely ignore most commercial fish food. If the tank is scrubbed clean of algae, they will slowly and inevitably starve to death. They are 100% reef-safe and will never eat healthy plants.
Water Quality: Originating from the coastal rivers of Southeast Asia, they are highly adaptable but strictly require stable, warm conditions (22-28°C / 72-82°F). Because they are frequently exposed to estuarine environments, they can thrive in both 100% pure freshwater and heavy brackish setups. However, to maintain the structural integrity of their massive, sharp spines, they STRICTLY require hard, highly alkaline water (GH 8-20, pH 7.5 - 8.5) saturated with dissolved calcium. Soft water will dissolve their spikes.
Compatibility and Tankmates: Compatibility is universally perfect for any peaceful community aquarium. They are the ultimate, heavily armored cleanup crew. Their sharp spines make them practically immune to most standard snail predators (like small loaches or curious cichlids), though massive Puffers will still crush them. They are 100% harmless to all fish, dwarf shrimp (Neocaridina/Caridina), and fry. They are highly recommended as the primary algae-control mechanism for heavily planted aquascapes.
Aquarium Breeding: Breeding Spiny Nerite Snails in a standard freshwater aquarium is
biologically impossible:, though they will try relentlessly. Females will plaster the aquarium glass, driftwood, and rocks with hundreds of tiny, hard, sesame-seed-like white egg capsules. These eggs are visually obtrusive and extremely difficult to scrape off. However, the eggs require a highly complex transition into heavy brackish or full marine saltwater to hatch and develop. They will NEVER overpopulate a freshwater tank.
Risks and Diseases: The absolute greatest physical risk is slow, agonizing starvation; owners frequently place them in brand-new, sterile tanks completely devoid of the heavy algae growth they require to survive. The second major risk is lethal desiccation; without a tight lid, they will climb out of the tank, fall to the floor, and dry up. Finally, keeping them in soft, acidic freshwater lacking calcium will lethally dissolve their spectacular spines and cause systemic organ failure.

Geographic Origin and Distribution

The Spiny Nerite Snail, also heavily marketed as the Hedgehog Nerite (*Neritina juttingae*), is a highly fascinating, heavily armored freshwater and brackish gastropod natively endemic to the volatile coastal rivers, estuarine mangrove swamps, and rocky tidal zones stretching across Southeast Asia (Indonesia, Thailand, Philippines). Their natural biotope is defined by rapid water currents flowing over smooth river stones, heavily bathed in bright sunlight that promotes explosive, relentless algal growth.

Origin

North AmericaSouth and Southeast AsiaEast Asia

Invertebrate profile

Diet
Biofilm grazer
Herbivorous grazer. Primarily consumes soft green algae, diatoms, and biofilm from glass, rocks, and plant leaves. Will not eat healthy plants. May require supplemental algae wafers if natural algae is insufficient.
Ecological role
Scavenger
Excellent algae eater, particularly adept at cleaning glass and hardscape without damaging flora.
Shock sensitivity
High
Can be sensitive to sudden shifts in pH or temperature. Acclimate carefully.
Calcium and minerals
High
Needs adequate calcium to maintain a strong, healthy shell and prevent erosion.
Molting
Shell growth
Unlike crustaceans, snails do not undergo any molting process. Instead, they secrete material from their mantle to continuously grow their shell outward. They require water with adequate minerals and calcium to prevent shell erosion and decalcification over the course of their lifespan.
Reproduction
Oviparous
Lays distinct, sesame-seed-like egg capsules on hard surfaces (glass, wood, rocks). These eggs require brackish or saltwater to hatch into larvae, so they will not reproduce in freshwater aquariums.
Compatibility & tankmates
Peaceful
This species is extremely peaceful and completely safe for community aquariums and planted tanks. They make excellent tankmates for small fish and dwarf shrimp, but should never be housed with loaches, pufferfish, assassin snails, or large aggressive species that naturally prey on mollusks.

Image gallery

Licensed images linked to the species or, when marked, to the closest representative taxon.

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Last updated: 06/30/2026
Spotted nerite snail (Neritona juttingae) Care Guide & Tank Setup | Atlarium