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Sterba's Corydoras

Corydoras sterbai

Corydoras sterbai is one of the most beautiful and sought-after bottom dwellers, famous for its white-spotted dark pattern and bright orange pectoral fins. Its key characteristic is its high temperature tolerance: unlike other Corys that suffer in the heat, the Sterbai loves warm water (28-30°C). This makes it the perfect, and almost the only possible, cleanup companion for Discus. Peaceful and schooling, it requires a group of at least 6 and a fine sand substrate.

Taxonomy
Class:Actinopteri
Order:Siluriformes
Family:Callichthyidae
Subfamily:Corydoradinae
Genus:Corydoras
Species:Corydoras sterbai

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Water Temperature

24 - 28 °C

pH Value

6 - 7.6

Water type

Freshwater

Tank level

Bottom

Adult size

6.5 cm

Minimum tank volume

>= 80 L

Minimum group

>= 6

GH

2 - 15 dGH

KH

1 - 7 dKH

TDS

40 - 295 ppm

Conductivity

63 - 461 uS/cm

Species description

Geographical Origin and Habitat: Endemic to the Guaporé River basin on the border between Bolivia and Brazil. Inhabits placid river waters and seasonal forest pools, where the riverbed is studded with round pebbles, tangled driftwood, and accumulations of dead leaves that color the water (tannins).
Taxonomy and Morphology: Known as Sterba's Corydoras. One of the largest, most robust, and beloved Corydoras, capable of reaching and exceeding 6.5 cm (2.5 inches). The body possesses robust lateral bony armor; the snout is rounded (blunt profile), adorned with six powerful receptive barbels.
Social Behavior: Strong, hardworking, and very sociable. Sifts the sand incessantly, digging for hours. Kept in large groups (more than 6), it proves outgoing and an explorer. Often various specimens "pile up" on top of each other in the shade of a large plant to rest.
Coloration and Sexual Dimorphism: Dark body background (gray or brownish-black), covered with an intricate pattern of bright white polka dots, concentrated especially on the head. Its aesthetic signature is the fluorescent bright gold-orange coloration present on the pectoral (and sometimes pelvic) fins. Females are noticeably stockier and bulkier.

Care, breeding and tankmates

Aquarium Setup: Adapts to many sizes, but an 80x40 cm (32x16 inch) footprint is the bare minimum. An indispensable requirement is flooring made of fine rounded cosmetic sand, essential for the passage of food and the health of the mouth. Hiding places with Manila or mangrove roots. Lights shielded by floating leaves.
Diet and Feeding: Insatiable omnivorous detritivore, excellent "scavenger" if paired with specific foods. Should be fed directly at lights-out time with sinking wafers of meat and spirulina, bloodworms, daphnia, and tubifex. If food does not reach the bottom in sufficient quantity, it will slowly waste away.
Water Quality: It is the HIGH-TEMPERATURE CORYDORAS par excellence. Prefers waters between 24 and 28°C (75-82°F) (tolerating brief peaks up to 30°C/86°F). Ideal parameters: pH 6.0-7.6, low or medium hardness (GH 2-15). Extremely robust, but like all requires low levels of nitrates in the substrate.
Compatibility and Cohabitation: The quintessential bottom companion for Discus (Symphysodon), thanks to its enormous tolerance for warm water. Excellent together with Angelfish (Pterophyllum), schools of Cardinal or Rummy-Nose Tetras, and peaceful tropical Loricariids. Ignored by large Cichlids thanks to defensive toxins and bony armor.
Aquarium Breeding: Easily reproduced by providing abundant bloodworms and triggering the event with massive (40%) top-offs of decidedly colder water to simulate the Amazonian monsoon winter. They lay in the "T-position" (up to 300 adhesive eggs stuck to the glass in a strong current). Adults are egg devourers.
Risks and Diseases: The pectoral spines secrete a mild venom and can become inextricably tangled in nets, injuring both the animal and the keeper (very fine nets or rigid cups recommended). The use of sharp gravel is guaranteed to cause fatal infections to the barbels.

Geographic Origin and Distribution

Endemic to the Guaporé River basin on the border between Bolivia and Brazil. Inhabits placid river waters and seasonal forest pools, where the riverbed is studded with round pebbles, tangled driftwood, and accumulations of dead leaves that color the water (tannins).

Origin

Extra-Amazon South America

Fish profile

Temperament
Territorial
The temperament of Corydoras sterbai is exceptionally peaceful and highly social in nature. They must be kept in groups of at least six individuals to thrive. In proper schools, they are confident and constantly active across the bottom.
Diet
Omnivore
The diet of Corydoras sterbai primarily features benthic organisms and small detritus. In captivity, they eagerly eat sinking pellets and high-quality bottom-feeder wafers. Live foods like bloodworms and daphnia should be offered for optimal health.
Sex ratio
Specific M:F ratio
A specific sex ratio is unnecessary for the general community keeping of Corydoras sterbai. For dedicated breeding, a ratio of two males per female is optimal. Females are visibly rounder and broader, while males are slender.
Feeding frequency
Twice daily
It is recommended to feed Corydoras sterbai one or two times daily in moderate portions. Ensure the food reaches the substrate before mid-water fish consume it all. Feeding just before lights out helps them forage peacefully without stress.
Bioload
The bioload of Corydoras sterbai is relatively low compared to larger tank mates. Since they are schooling fish, their combined waste can accumulate over time. Consistent filtration and weekly water changes are necessary for maintaining clean water.
Flow
Stagnant
Corydoras sterbai prefers a moderate water flow that replicates gentle Amazonian streams. This circulation thoroughly oxygenates the water and prevents detritus accumulation. Calm resting zones should also be provided for relaxation.
Reproduction
Oviparous
Breeding Corydoras sterbai in an aquarium is highly achievable with proper conditioning. Spawning is typically triggered by a large, slightly cooler water change. The female then deposits adhesive eggs on aquarium glass or broad plant leaves.
Compatibility & tankmates
Community
In terms of compatibility, Corydoras sterbai is extremely peaceful and ideal for community setups. They coexist perfectly with small tetras, rasboras, and dwarf cichlids. Large, aggressive bottom-dwellers must be avoided to prevent undue competition.
Tank level
Bottom
As obligate bottom-dwellers, Corydoras sterbai spends the vast majority of its time on the substrate. They constantly search for food by sifting fine sand with their sensitive barbels. They occasionally dart to the surface to gulp atmospheric air.

Window to the official scientific data of the species

Data synced on: 06/15/2026

Scientific Parameters & Models

Trophic level
2.9 ± 0.4 se
Resilience
High (less than 15 months)
Phylogenetic uniqueness (PD50)
0.5
Bayesian Length-Weight
a = 0.02455, b = 3
VulnerabilityLow vulnerability (10 / 100)

Image gallery

Licensed images linked to the species or, when marked, to the closest representative taxon.

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Last updated: 06/30/2026
Sterba's Corydoras (Corydoras sterbai) Care Guide & Tank Setup | Atlarium