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Giant prawn-goby

Amblyeleotris fontanesii

The largest of the symbiotic prawn-gobies, famous for its fascinating mutualistic relationship with Alpheus snapping shrimps. Its impressive size commands attention on the sand bed.

Taxonomy
Class:Actinopteri
Order:Perciformes
Family:Gobiidae
Subfamily:Gobiinae
Genus:Amblyeleotris
Species:Amblyeleotris fontanesii

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Water Temperature

22 - 26 °C

pH Value

8.1 - 8.4

Water type

Marine

Tank level

Bottom

Adult size

25 cm

Minimum tank volume

>= 200 L

Minimum group

>= 1

Species description

Geographical Origin and Habitat:
Amblyeleotris fontanesii is native to the warm tropical waters of the Western Indo-Pacific. It is found in Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore, Papua New Guinea, and along the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. It inhabits silty or muddy lagoons and outer reef slopes, preferring sheltered areas with mixed coral rubble and fine sand substrates at depths ranging from 5 to 30 meters.
Taxonomy and Morphology:
Belonging to the family Gobiidae, Amblyeleotris fontanesii is recognized as one of the largest members of its genus, reaching a maximum length of up to 25 centimeters as an adult. It features an elongated body, eyes set high on the head for a panoramic view of potential threats, and pelvic fins that are partially fused to help rest on the substrate.
Social Behavior:
This fish is famous for its mutualistic relationship with snapping shrimps of the genus Alpheus (such as Alpheus bellulus). The shrimp excavates and maintains the burrow, while the goby acts as a sentinel, maintaining physical contact with the shrimp's antennae and warning it of danger with rapid tail flicks.
Coloration and Sexual Dimorphism:
The coloration of Amblyeleotris fontanesii consists of a beige, grayish, or olive base color marked by three to four broad dark brown or black vertical bands. Small yellow or light blue spots dot the snout and dorsal fins. Sexual dimorphism is minimal; mature metals may show slightly longer dorsal fin filaments and more vivid coloration.

Care, breeding and tankmates

Aquarium Setup:
Requires a spacious aquarium of at least 200 liters (approx. 53 gallons) with a deep sand substrate (8 to 10 cm) mixed with small rubble pieces and shell fragments. This thickness is critical to allow the symbiotic Alpheus shrimp to dig its burrow system without collapses. Live rocks must be placed directly on the bottom glass to prevent collapses.
Diet and Feeding:
It is a carnivore that feeds on small benthic invertebrates. In an aquarium, it should be fed high-quality frozen foods like mysis, brine shrimp, chopped krill, and lobster eggs. Sinking pellets can also be accepted. Ensure food is dispersed near the burrow entrance, as the goby will rarely venture far from its protective shelter.
Water Quality:
Requires stable marine water parameters and efficient filtration. The ideal water temperature is 24°C to 28°C (75°F to 82°F), with pH between 8.1 and 8.4 and a steady specific gravity of 1.021 to 1.025. Nitrate levels should be kept low, and strong water oxygenation is recommended via a protein skimmer and movement pumps.
Compatibility and Cohabitation:
This is a peaceful species that coexists well with non-aggressive reef fish such as clownfish, pipefish, and small wrasses. Pairing it with a compatible Alpheus snapping shrimp is highly recommended to display its natural behavior. Avoid large predatory fish or aggressive bottom dwellers like large dottybacks.
Aquarium Breeding:
Spawning in home aquariums is rare and highly complex. The pair spawns inside the burrow constructed by the shrimp, where the male guards the egg clutch. The larvae are planktonic after hatching. Raising them requires specific cultures of live phytoplankton and rotifers, which is challenging for hobbyists.
Risks and Diseases:
The primary risk is jumping out of the tank, particularly during the acclimation phase; a secure lid or mesh cover is mandatory. They can contract skin parasites if stressed or if the substrate becomes anaerobic. Keeping the sand clean and monitoring water parameters are key factors in preventing disease.

Geographic Origin and Distribution

Amblyeleotris fontanesii is native to the warm tropical waters of the Western Indo-Pacific. It is found in Indonesia, the Philippines, Singapore, Papua New Guinea, and along the Great Barrier Reef in Australia. It inhabits silty or muddy lagoons and outer reef slopes, preferring sheltered areas with mixed coral rubble and fine sand substrates at depths ranging from 5 to 30 meters.

Origin

Tropical oceans and reefsAfrica and MadagascarSouth and Southeast AsiaEast AsiaAustralia, New Guinea, and Oceania

Fish profile

Temperament
Territorial
The Amblyeleotris fontanesii possesses a generally peaceful yet somewhat timid and cautious temperament. It relies completely on its burrow as a safe haven, retreating instantly at any sign of perceived danger. In the wild and in captivity, it acts as the vigilant lookout while its visually impaired shrimp partner maintains their shared home.
Diet
Carnivore
In its natural habitat, the Amblyeleotris fontanesii functions as a micro-predator, consuming benthic invertebrates and passing zooplankton. Captive specimens typically adapt quickly to a carnivorous diet consisting of frozen mysis shrimp, enriched brine shrimp, and sinking micropellets. Ensuring that food reaches the lower levels of the aquarium is essential for their long-term nutritional health.
Sex ratio
Solitary
It is generally advisable to keep the Amblyeleotris fontanesii singly unless you can acquire a confirmed mated pair. Attempting to house two males or incompatible individuals in the same tank often leads to severe territorial disputes. A harmonious pair will usually share a single burrow and collaborate with the same pistol shrimp.
Feeding frequency
Twice daily
To support their metabolic needs, the Amblyeleotris fontanesii should be offered small meals one to two times daily. Frequent, appropriately sized feedings are far more beneficial than infrequent large meals. Target feeding near the entrance of their burrow often yields the best results and ensures they outcompete faster tank mates.
Bioload
The Amblyeleotris fontanesii has a minimal bioload, making it an excellent candidate for reef aquariums of various sizes. Because of its small physical stature and efficient metabolism, it contributes very little waste to the water column. This characteristic helps aquarists maintain pristine water parameters without putting undue stress on biological filtration systems.
Flow
Strong
The Amblyeleotris fontanesii strongly prefers areas of the tank with low to moderate water flow. Gentle currents allow them to hover comfortably above the substrate without expending excessive energy. Furthermore, calmer water facilitates clear tactile communication with their symbiotic shrimp partner.
Jump risk
Yes
Like most members of its genus, the Amblyeleotris fontanesii presents a significant risk of jumping out of an open aquarium. Startling events, such as abrupt lighting changes or aggressive encounters, can trigger a panic response. A tight-fitting lid or a specialized mesh screen is a mandatory requirement to prevent loss of life.
Reproduction
Oviparous
The Amblyeleotris fontanesii is a demersal spawner, carefully depositing its eggs within the protected confines of its substrate burrow. After fertilization, the male typically assumes the role of guarding the clutch until the fry hatch. While captive breeding is quite rare in home aquaria, it can sometimes be achieved in dedicated breeding setups with pristine conditions.
Compatibility & tankmates
Peaceful
This goby exhibits a highly peaceful demeanor and thrives in community setups alongside other tranquil fish. The Amblyeleotris fontanesii is particularly prized for its ability to form a fascinating mutualistic bond with alpheid pistol shrimp. It is imperative to avoid housing them with large, boisterous, or predatory tank mates that could intimidate or consume them.
Tank level
Bottom
As a dedicated benthic species, the Amblyeleotris fontanesii spends the vast majority of its life resting directly on or hovering slightly above the substrate. They establish their territory around a primary burrow entrance and rarely venture into the middle or upper water column. Providing a deep bed of fine or mixed-grade sand is crucial to support their natural behaviors.

Window to the official scientific data of the species

Data synced on: 06/15/2026

Scientific Parameters & Models

Trophic level
3.5 ± 0.4 se
Resilience
Medium (1.4 - 4.4 years)
Phylogenetic uniqueness (PD50)
0.5
Bayesian Length-Weight
a = 0.00741, b = 3.09
VulnerabilityLow vulnerability (21 / 100)

Image gallery

Licensed images linked to the species or, when marked, to the closest representative taxon.

Related species

Recommendations grouped by close relatives, companion choices, and similar care.

Variants and close relatives

Same atlas type, nearby scientific identity, genus, or family.

Banded-head Shrimpgoby

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Amblyeleotris cephalotaenius

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Blackhead Shrimpgoby

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Delicate Shrimpgoby

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Diagonal-bar Shrimpgoby

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Downing's Shrimpgoby

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Ellipse shrimpgoby

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Amblyeleotris ellipse

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Harris's Shrimpgoby

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Amblyeleotris harrisorum

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Long-filament Shrimpgoby

Long-filament Shrimpgoby

Amblyeleotris macronema

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Marquesas Shrimpgoby

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Amblyeleotris marquesas

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Masui's Shrimpgoby

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Amblyeleotris masuii

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Morishita's Shrimpgoby

Morishita's Shrimpgoby

Amblyeleotris morishitai

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Neumann's prawn-goby

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New Caledonia Shrimpgoby

New Caledonia Shrimpgoby

Amblyeleotris novaecaledoniae

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Red-banded Shrimpgoby

Red-banded Shrimpgoby

Amblyeleotris fasciata

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Redmargin shrimpgobid

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Amblyeleotris rubrimarginata

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Redspotted shrimpgoby

Redspotted shrimpgoby

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Similar care

Cards with similar requirements, difficulty, habitat, and husbandry profile.

Twin-spot Shrimpgoby

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Yano's Shrimp Goby

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Broadband Goby

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Naked-headed Shrimpgoby

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Periophthalma Shrimp Goby

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Spikefin goby

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Arch-fin shrimpgoby

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Neglected Shrimpgoby

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Aurora Goby

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Japanese shrimp goby

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Memnonian Shrimpgoby

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Last updated: 06/30/2026
Giant prawn-goby (Amblyeleotris fontanesii) Care Guide & Tank Setup | Atlarium