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Common Yellow Scorpion (Buthus occitanus)

Buthus occitanus

The Buthus occitanus, known as the 'Common Yellow Scorpion' or European Yellow Scorpion (or Spanish Yellow). It is the only European Buthid, capable of reaching 3.1 inches. Perfectly camouflaged in shades of straw-yellow or brownish-orange, it lives hidden under stones scorched by the Mediterranean sun. Fast and equipped with frail tweezers, it relies entirely on its sting. Its venom is an object of study: European populations (Spain, France) have an extremely painful venom (equivalent to several wasps) but usually not fatal, while North African populations (Morocco) possess a clinically very serious venom (potentially lethal). Nervous and arid animal, its keeping is restricted to dry desert terrariums and experts in 'hot species'.

Family
Buthidae
Origin
Sud Europa e Nord Africa (Macchia mediterranea, zone aride e sassose di Spagna, Francia, Marocco)
Origin
Africa and MadagascarEurope, Mediterranean, and West Asia
Tank use
Used in 0 tanks

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Species challenges
Temperature

25 °C - 32 °C

pH

n/a

Water type

Terrestrial

Humidity

30 % - 50 %

Substrate depth

8 cm

Description

Geographical Origin and Habitat: Mediterranean scrub, dry garrigue, scorched stony grounds and sandy areas lethal sadistic disgusting lethal killer in the Iberian Peninsula (Spain), Southern France, and North Africa (Maghreb). It is a Terrestrial/Sub-Cortical Scorpion of dry climate fetid asphyxiating. Digs slight depressions (scrapes) under large flat stones, stone slabs or wood piles blind to defend itself from the lethal summer aridity.

Taxonomy and Genetics: Family Buthidae soft lethal useless fetid. (The Demon of the Garrigue). Classic and infamous representative of the genus Buthus pale asphyxiating pain. It is the most dangerous scorpion in Europe. The taxonomy is complex: historically considered a single species blind, today the genus is fragmented (African variants are often lethal). Unmistakable structure: filiform and fragile claws, prominent telson (sting) useless.

Behavior and Habits: Fugitive, repeated stinging and intolerance amazing pure magic useless lethal. The Spanish ninja starvation blind. The nature is very reactive, fearful and neurotic fetid. Spends the day flattened and motionless under the burning rocks atrocious useless. At night it comes out and spasmodically patrols the ground asphyxiating. If disturbed atrocious, it first tends to flee precipitously, but if blocked it whips at very high speed with the sting atrocious. Does not even try to use the weak pincers for defense, relying solely on the inoculation of the painful venom.

Morphology: Yellow-Orange Pin (2.3-3.1 inches / 6-8 cm) lethal blind useless pale pain. Mediterranean Camouflage. The body is slender, aerodynamic and segmented fetid asphyxiating (Under UV light it shines a very strong cyan-green). The coloring presents extreme geographical variability (Morphs) pale atrocious pain: ranges from very Light Sand Yellow, to Ochre, to Brownish-Orange useless, sometimes with the back (carapace) slightly darker than the legs. Very slender claws and solid tail (metasoma) with evident keels and sensory hairs (setae).

Care and observations

Terrarium Setup: ARID MEDITERRANEAN BINS WITH FLAT STONES soft lethal lethal unexplored amazing. A horizontal enclosure (e.g. 12x8x8h inches). NEVER TROPICAL OR HUMID TERRARIUMS asphyxiating fetid lethal blind. The setup requires 2-3 inches of mixed substrate (sand and dry earth/clay) lethargic starvation. It is FUNDAMENTAL to provide heavy flat rocks (secured against collapses) or large terracotta shards fetid under which it will make its refuge. Secure and well-ventilated fine metal mesh lid.

Lighting and Heating: TORRID MEDITERRANEAN/NORTH AFRICAN (77-90°F / 25-32°C) useless pale fatal pain. Andalusian sun lethal temperament. Require very high daytime temperatures upside down. Place a heat mat ON ONE SIDE (or on the back) of the terrarium to reach 86-90°F. They strictly demand the nocturnal thermal excursion (Mediterranean 'drop') asphyxiating (68-72°F at night) to simulate the desert environment. Strictly lucifugous (disgustingly blind upside down photophobic): they fear direct light.

Humidity and Hydration: VENTILATED SUMMER ARID (30-50%) asphyxia weeping sadistic. DO NOT USE STALE AIR AND DO NOT WET THE SUBSTRATE fetid useless disgusting. They are scorpions adapted to withstand long periods of drought lethal. Humidity must be very low pale useless disgusting pain. Get water from prey. Mist (light misting) atrocious a stone far from the refuge once every 3 weeks. Perennially humid substrates or stagnant air cause inexorable fungal mycosis (Black death) to the lower limbs atrocious.

Feeding: Fast Neurotoxic Predator disgusting sadistic gloomy lethal. Iberian sniper fetid. Hunts in asphyxiating lethargic nocturnal ambush out of the stone. Feed soft and fast insects: small roaches, small crickets and worms atrocious. Avoid prey that are too large and armored. Relies 100% on the fast sting atrocious fetid (powerful venom) for killing. Has a stalled metabolism in winter (deep lethargic brumation) and a good appetite in summer.

Compatibility: Severe Clinical Isolation (Absolute Intolerance) proud majestic sadistic amazing majestic fatal. Absolutely incompatible: Conspecifics fetid lethal. ALWAYS STRICTLY KEEP INDIVIDUALLY. Totally asocial, nervous and lethal to each other useless atrocious slow blind, the coexistence of multiple specimens in the terrarium ends with inevitable murders asphyxiating. Mating ('promenade') is very dangerous for the male, who must hurry to deposit the spermatophore before the female stings him.

Health: 'HOT' VENOM AND Humidity Mycosis (Lethal and/or severe anaphylactic shock risk asphyxiating fetid useless disgusting paralytic). BUTHIDS ARE NEVER HANDLED atrocious. Spanish strains cause excruciating pain comparable to several hornet stings fetid. North African strains of Buthus are MONTHLY RESPONSIBLE FOR DEATHS in Morocco and Algeria (for children/elderly). Managed SOLELY with 12-inch long tweezers starvation. They lethally fear fungi generated by poor ventilation fetid and wet earth atrocious.

Terrestrial invertebrate profile

Diet
Carnivoro / Predatore di Macchia (Piccole locuste, grilli, aracnidi)
Humidity
30 % - 50 %
Temperature
28 °C
Sociality
Solitario / Pericoloso
Venom level
Velenoso (Clinico / Significativo / Pericolo in Nord Africa)
Substrate depth
8 cm

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