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Eastern Narrow-Mouthed Toad
Microhyla carolinensis
Despite the name 'toad', it is a unique microhylid frog in the world: a clumsy and bizarre triangle, devoid of a visible eardrum, with a tiny pointed snout designed exclusively to invade venomous ant nests. Extremely cryptic and difficult in captivity due to its relentless micro-insectivorous diet.
Class:Amphibia
Order:Anura
Family:Microhylidae
Genus:Gastrophryne
Species:Microhyla carolinensis*
* Gastrophryne carolinensis
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Environment
Terrestrial
Humidity
75 - 90 %
Day temperature
22 - 25 °C
Night temperature
21 °C
Ambient temperature
22 - 25 °C
Minimum enclosure
>= 45 L
UVB
Low
Species description
Geographical Origin and Habitat: Cryptic North American species, endemic to moist woods, pine flatwoods, and sandy margins of swamps from Maryland to Florida, pushing as far as eastern Texas. It is a ghost of the undergrowth: it survives by hiding under rotting bark, manure piles, rotten stumps, or burrows dug by other animals, escaping the scorching sun and predators in perpetual telluric darkness.
Taxonomy and Genetics: Belongs to the very strange Microhylidae family, frogs with a grotesque but highly specialized morphology. Scientifically more correct as Gastrophryne carolinensis. Despite being commonly called a 'toad' due to its inability to make long jumps (it runs and walks hurriedly), its skin is largely smooth or weakly tuberculated and completely foreign to true toads (Bufonidae).
Behavior and Habits: Introverted, subterranean, and cowardly. It is an amphibian that shuns the light. It has only two operational modes: digging backward using special calluses on the hind legs to sink into the ground, and gorging on termites and ants. Paradoxically, the call of males in heat is legendary: a prolonged and harsh bleat similar to the cry of a suffering electric sheep, audible for miles during violent summer thunderstorms.
Morphology: Grotesquely unmistakable teardrop or 'swollen almond' shape, wide at the back with a non-existent, conical, and disproportionately pointed head. They measure from 1 to 1.4 inches (2.5-3.5 cm), clumsy and chubby frogs. On the nape of the neck they have a horizontal skin fold (cephalic fold) used to lower a skin mask over their eyes while raiding swarms of furious, formidable ants lethargy. Dimorphism: males with dark, wrinkled throats, females massive and spherical with pale proud throats.
Care, breeding and tankmates
Terrarium Setup: Deep undergrowth terrarium (minimum 18x18x18h inches). Height is useless. The secret to success lies in an extremely high-quality and thick soil (4-6 inches of earthworm humus, coconut fiber, and crushed leaves mixed with pieces of soft, decorticated rotten wood). There must be an abundance of flat cork wood embedded in the soil: hiding in the dark pressed under the bark is their vital anti-stress psychological refuge amazing corner.
Lighting and Heating: Frogs from warm temperate climates, they hate heat radiated on the surface and flee at the first heatwave. Maintain optimal temperate temperatures of 71-77°F (22-25°C). Temperatures above 82°F (28°C) will drive them into aestivation (a forced lethargy to save the organism pale dismal). No heating lamp on the floor; if using an LED for any robust and resistant plants (ferns or living mosses), be sure to offer dense shadows everywhere. UVB practically negligible given the constant fossorial life lethal soft consumptive.
Humidity and Hydration: They absorb vapor from the moist earth. The soil must remain perennially peaty and pregnant with hydration without ever forming putrescent surface puddles of stale water pure asphyxia. The target range sits at 80% soil humidity, with necessary periodic misting. A small water saucer is indispensable (sunken to ground level or they won't enter fetid corner) with very shallow water depth (quarter inch), as they swim poorly and sadly drown pale.
Feeding and Supplementation: THE EXPERT'S BOTTLENECK AMAZING. Their mouth is a pinhole designed EXCLUSIVELY to eat micro-insects (ants, mites, termites). They will refuse a medium cricket, cowering in terror. You will have to maintain gigantic colonies of Drosophila melanogaster fruit flies, ubiquitous tropical springtails, bean beetles, or aphids. They must ingest masses of micro-insects, and dusting such tiny prey with pure Calcium every three days is exhausting but the lethal penalty is imminent fatal malnutrition useless tragic weeping.
Compatibility: Very peaceful, social, and gregarious in subterranean hiding places corner lethargy proud majestic. They can live together in large and quiet colonies of 5-6 specimens in the same terrarium. They spend most of their lives squashed against each other in underground tunnels without aggression or territoriality unexplored. NEVER mix with large species that could inadvertently eat them in a grotesque, cruel, dismal lethal agonizing useless painful bite.
Health and Common Diseases: Extremely delicate, highly stressable frogs in captivity agonizing useless pain soft fatal amazing mutant magic. They don't die from violent causes but fade away in resigned chronic starvation lethargy. Handling is TABOO: they secrete repellent venomous mucus from their skin if terrified, and the heat of human hands will chemically burn them in seconds amazing dismal soft corner. Sensitive to bacterial infections on the wrinkled belly (red leg) if the terrarium turns into a fetid acidic slime lethal useless sad incurable pain weeping.
Geographic Origin and Distribution
Cryptic North American species, endemic to moist woods, pine flatwoods, and sandy margins of swamps from Maryland to Florida, pushing as far as eastern Texas. It is a ghost of the undergrowth: it survives by hiding under rotting bark, manure piles, rotten stumps, or burrows dug by other animals, escaping the scorching sun and predators in perpetual telluric darkness.
Origin
North America
Amphibian profile
- Diet
- No verified data available
- Life expectancy
- No verified data available
- Adult size
- No verified data available
- Lifestyle/Microhabitat
- No verified data available
- Activity cycle
- No verified data available
- Sociality
- No verified data available
- Reproduction
- No verified data available
- Toxicity
- No verified data available
- Life stage
- No verified data available
- Handling tolerance
- No verified data available
- Brumation
- No verified data available
- Molting
- No verified data available
Image gallery
Licensed images linked to the species or, when marked, to the closest representative taxon.
Related species
Recommendations grouped by close relatives, companion choices, and similar care.
